Independensi Kejaksaan Dalam Pelaksanaan Dominus Litis di Indonesia: Sebuah Kajian Kelembagaan

Prosecutorial Independence in Exercising Dominus Litis in Indonesia: An Institutional Analysis

Authors

Keywords:

independensi kejaksaan, dominus litis, penuntutan, kepastian hukum, desain kelembagaan

Abstract

Kejaksaan merupakan lembaga pemerintahan, tetapi fungsi yang berkaitan dengan kekuasaan kehakiman wajib dilaksanakan secara merdeka. Penelitian ini menganalisis konfigurasi normatif independensi Kejaksaan, batas pelaksanaan dominus litis dalam KUHAP 2025, dan model otonomi penuntutan yang akuntabel. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, kasus, dan perbandingan terhadap Singapura serta Korea Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa independensi kelembagaan, fungsional, dan individual belum memperoleh perlindungan yang seimbang. KUHAP 2025 memperkuat keterlibatan awal penuntut umum dan koordinasi dengan penyidik, tetapi belum memberikan konsekuensi hukum yang tegas terhadap perbedaan penilaian mengenai kecukupan pembuktian dan kelayakan penuntutan. Penelitian ini menawarkan model berupa jaminan konstitusional, seleksi berbasis merit, masa jabatan Jaksa Agung tiga tahun tanpa pengangkatan kembali, pemberhentian berbasis alasan limitatif, instruksi perkara tertulis, pengawasan eksternal independen, dan penuntut khusus untuk menangani konflik kepentingan institusional dan menjamin keputusan penuntutan berlandaskan hukum, bukti, serta kepentingan publik.

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Author Biographies

  • Sapta Putra, S.H., M.Hum., Doctoral Program in Law Studies, Faculty of Law, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra

    Sapta Putra, S.H., M.Hum., merupakan jaksa senior dan saat ini menjabat sebagai Kepala Kejaksaan Negeri Deli Serdang. Sapta, menyelesaikan pendidikan Sarjana Ilmu Hukum (S.H.) pada Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara pada 1997 dan pendidikan Magister Ilmu Hukum (M.Hum.) pada Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Sumatera Utara pada 2008. Dalam perjalanan kariernya, Sapta pernah menjadi anggota Satuan Tugas Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi pada Jaksa Agung Muda Bidang Tindak Pidana Khusus Kejaksaan Agung Republik Indonesia, Kepala Kejaksaan Negeri Bungo, Kepala Kejaksaan Negeri Kampar, dan Asisten Intelijen Kejaksaan Tinggi Riau. Sejak Februari 2026, Sapta dipercaya memimpin Kejaksaan Negeri Deli Serdang. Pengalaman tersebut membentuk kompetensinya dalam bidang penuntutan, pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi, intelijen penegakan hukum, kepemimpinan kelembagaan, serta koordinasi antar-aparat penegak hukum. Dalam kegiatan akademik, ia juga pernah memberikan pembekalan kepada calon jaksa dari kalangan alumni Fakultas Hukum Universitas Sumatera Utara. 

  • Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmud Mulyadi, S.H., M.Hum., Faculty of Law, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra

    Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmud Mulyadi, S.H., M.Hum. is a legal scholar and lecturer at the Faculty of Law, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia, where he currently serves as Head of the Master’s Program in Law. His academic and research interests primarily focus on criminal law, criminal policy, human rights, victimology, corruption, cybercrime, and the protection and restoration of victims’ rights within the criminal justice system. He has actively contributed to legal scholarship through teaching, research, academic supervision, and publications addressing contemporary developments in Indonesian criminal law and criminal justice reform. His scholarly work reflects a particular interest in strengthening the protection of individual rights while developing responsive and equitable criminal law policies in Indonesia.

  • Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmul Siregar, S.H., M.Hum., Faculty of Law, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatra

    Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmul Siregar, S.H., M.Hum., is a lecturer and the Dean of the Faculty of Law, Universitas Sumatera Utara, for the 2026–2031 term. He earned his bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees in law from Universitas Sumatera Utara. His academic interests include investment law and international trade law. He is actively engaged in teaching, research, scholarly publication, community service, and the development of institutional cooperation in the field of law. 

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Published

11-09-2026

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026): LawSains Journal

Section

Research Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Sapta Putra, S.H., M.Hum., Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmud Mulyadi, S.H., M.Hum., Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mahmul Siregar, S.H., M.Hum. (Author)

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How to Cite

Sapta Putra, Mulyadi, M., & Siregar, M. (2026). Independensi Kejaksaan Dalam Pelaksanaan Dominus Litis di Indonesia: Sebuah Kajian Kelembagaan: Prosecutorial Independence in Exercising Dominus Litis in Indonesia: An Institutional Analysis. LawSains Journal, 2(1), 57-88. https://journal.prisains.com/index.php/law/article/view/21